The American Psychiatric Association (APA) has updated its Privacy Policy and Terms of Use, including with new information specifically addressed to individuals in the European Economic Area. As described in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use, this website utilizes cookies, including for the purpose of offering an optimal online experience and services tailored to your preferences.

Please read the entire Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. By closing this message, browsing this website, continuing the navigation, or otherwise continuing to use the APA's websites, you confirm that you understand and accept the terms of the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use, including the utilization of cookies.

×
Site maintenance Monday, July 8th, 2024. Please note that access to some content and account information will be unavailable on this date.
Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.114.8.741

Psychologists have overlooked the possibility of first going to the culture and then to the individual in obtaining ideas for the construction of psychological instruments. A test of symbol arrangement has been developed in which this procedure has been reversed. Objects with established cultural validity were used to study and to classify human behavior. A number of studies were cited to show the wide applicability of this cross-disciplinary approach to psychological testing.

Access content

To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access.