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Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.123.2.143

In an age when the mentally ill were likely to be persecuted and feared, attempts were being made in 15th-century Spain to care for and treat them. During that century Spain witnessed the founding of seven hospitals for the mentally ill—in Valencia, Zaragoza, Seville, Valladolid, Palma de Mallorca, Toledo, and Barcelona. These institutions were founded to protect the patient from society rather than to hide him.

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