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The case of Anna O.: a reformulation

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.137.7.797

The best known of all psychotherapy patients. Anna O., entered treatment with Josef Breuer in December 1880. Modern psychotherapy begins with that encounter. Information gathered in the intervening years places us in a favorable position to review and reformulate the case. To do so may have practical and theoretical, as well as historical, importance.

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