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Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.125.4.544

Lithium was successfully used to treat five patients with recurrent depressions, three of whom had typical manic-depressive illnesses. Their clinical and also their characteristic subjective responses to lithium establish a very suggestive relationship between illnesses previously believed on observational grounds alone to be related. Some term such as "lithium-responders" might appropriately delineate this group of patients.

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