Am J Psychiatry 162:1067-1075, June 2005
© 2005 American Psychiatric Association
Abnormal Brain Activation During Inhibition and Error Detection in Medication-Naive Adolescents With ADHD
Katya Rubia, Ph.D.,
Anna B. Smith, Ph.D.,
Michael J. Brammer, Ph.D.,
Brian Toone, Ph.D., and
Eric Taylor, M.D., Ph.D.
OBJECTIVE: Patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a medication history have shown abnormal brain activation in prefrontal and striatal brain regions during cognitive challenge. Previous findings have been confounded, however, by potential long-term effects of stimulant medication exposure and group discrepancies in task performance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether medication-naive adolescents with ADHD would still show abnormal brain activation in prefrontal brain regions during motor response inhibition in a task designed to control for intergroup performance discrepancies. METHOD: Rapid, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare brain activation in 16 medication-naive ADHD adolescents and 21 IQ-, age-, and sex-matched healthy comparison volunteers during a challenging, idiosyncratically adjusted task that required withholding of a triggered motor response. The design, which manipulated task parameters to force each subject to fail on 50% of trials, ensured that subjects worked at the edge of their own inhibitory performance, thereby controlling for intersubject and intergroup performance discrepancies and furthermore allowing for investigation of differences in brain activation related to inhibition and inhibition failure. RESULTS: Medication-naive adolescents with ADHD showed significantly reduced brain activation in the right inferior prefrontal cortex during successful motor response inhibition and in the precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus during inhibition failure, both of which correlated with behavioral scores of ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that abnormal brain activation during inhibitory challenge in ADHD is specific to the disorder, since it persists when medication history and performance discrepancies are excluded.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
K. Rubia, R. Halari, A. B. Smith, M. Mohammed, S. Scott, V. Giampietro, E. Taylor, and M. J. Brammer
Dissociated Functional Brain Abnormalities of Inhibition in Boys With Pure Conduct Disorder and in Boys With Pure Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
July 1, 2008;
165(7):
889 - 897.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Suskauer, D. J. Simmonds, S. Fotedar, J. G. Blankner, J. J. Pekar, M. B. Denckla, and S. H. Mostofsky
Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for abnormalities in response selection in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: differences in activation associated with response inhibition but not habitual motor response.
J. Cogn. Neurosci.,
March 1, 2008;
20(3):
478 - 493.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Bush, T. J. Spencer, J. Holmes, L. M. Shin, E. M. Valera, L. J. Seidman, N. Makris, C. Surman, M. Aleardi, E. Mick, et al.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methylphenidate and Placebo in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During the Multi-Source Interference Task
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
January 1, 2008;
65(1):
102 - 114.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Rubia
Neuro-anatomic evidence for the maturational delay hypothesis of ADHD
PNAS,
December 11, 2007;
104(50):
19663 - 19664.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.J. Casey, J. N. Epstein, J. Buhle, C. Liston, M. C. Davidson, S. T. Tonev, J. Spicer, S. Niogi, A. J. Millner, A. Reiss, et al.
Frontostriatal Connectivity and Its Role in Cognitive Control in Parent-Child Dyads With ADHD
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 2007;
164(11):
1729 - 1736.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Stevens, G. D. Pearlson, and K. A. Kiehl
An fMRI Auditory Oddball Study of Combined-Subtype Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 2007;
164(11):
1737 - 1749.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Aron, S. Durston, D. M. Eagle, G. D. Logan, C. M. Stinear, and V. Stuphorn
Converging Evidence for a Fronto-Basal-Ganglia Network for Inhibitory Control of Action and Cognition
J. Neurosci.,
October 31, 2007;
27(44):
11860 - 11864.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Brefczynski-Lewis, A. Lutz, H. S. Schaefer, D. B. Levinson, and R. J. Davidson
Neural correlates of attentional expertise in long-term meditation practitioners
PNAS,
July 3, 2007;
104(27):
11483 - 11488.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Leibenluft, B. A. Rich, D. T. Vinton, E. E. Nelson, S. J. Fromm, L. H. Berghorst, P. Joshi, A. Robb, R. J. Schachar, D. P. Dickstein, et al.
Neural Circuitry Engaged During Unsuccessful Motor Inhibition in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
January 1, 2007;
164(1):
52 - 60.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J. Plessen, R. Bansal, H. Zhu, R. Whiteman, J. Amat, G. A. Quackenbush, L. Martin, K. Durkin, C. Blair, J. Royal, et al.
Hippocampus and Amygdala Morphology in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
July 1, 2006;
63(7):
795 - 807.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Smith, E. Taylor, M. Brammer, B. Toone, and K. Rubia
Task-Specific Hypoactivation in Prefrontal and Temporoparietal Brain Regions During Motor Inhibition and Task Switching in Medication-Naive Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
June 1, 2006;
163(6):
1044 - 1051.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Pliszka, D. C. Glahn, M. Semrud-Clikeman, C. Franklin, R. Perez III, J. Xiong, and M. Liotti,
Neuroimaging of Inhibitory Control Areas in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Who Were Treatment Naive or in Long-Term Treatment
Am J Psychiatry,
June 1, 2006;
163(6):
1052 - 1060.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Chamberlain, U. Muller, A. D. Blackwell, L. Clark, T. W. Robbins, and B. J. Sahakian
Neurochemical Modulation of Response Inhibition and Probabilistic Learning in Humans
Science,
February 10, 2006;
311(5762):
861 - 863.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-s. Ray Li, C. Huang, R. T. Constable, and R. Sinha
Imaging Response Inhibition in a Stop-Signal Task: Neural Correlates Independent of Signal Monitoring and Post-Response Processing
J. Neurosci.,
January 4, 2006;
26(1):
186 - 192.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
Get information about faster international access.
Privacy Policy
Copyright © 2005
American Psychiatric Association.
All rights reserved.
Home
| Search
| Current Issue
| Past Issues
| Subscribe
| All APPI Journals
| Help
| Contact Us
|
