
Am J Psychiatry 162:1980-1982, October 2005
doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1980
© 2005 American Psychiatric Association
Impairment of Executive Function But Not Memory in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Bipolar I Disorder and in Euthymic Patients With Unipolar Depression
Luke Clark, D.Phil.,
Antonina Sarna, Ph.D., and
Guy M. Goodwin, D.Phil., F.R.C.Psych.
OBJECTIVE: The authors goal was to characterize cognitive flexibility and verbal learning in relatives of patients with bipolar disorder and in euthymic patients with recurrent major depression. METHOD: The intradimensional/extradimensional shift task and California Verbal Learning Test were administered to 27 first-degree relatives of probands with bipolar I disorder, 15 euthymic outpatients with recurrent unipolar depression, and 47 healthy comparison subjects. RESULTS: The relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder and the euthymic patients with unipolar depression were more likely to fail the intradimensional/extradimensional shift task than the healthy comparison subjects. The impairments at the extradimensional shift stage were pronounced. Verbal learning, delayed recall, and recognition were unimpaired in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Attentional set shifting may represent an endophenotype in mood disorder, related to underlying vulnerability rather than the actual disease phenotype.
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