Deactivation by Benzodiazepine of the Basal Forebrain and Amygdala in Normal Humans During Sleep: A Placebo-Controlled [15O]H2O PET Study

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.4.748



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	Neurophysiology
	Anxiolytics
	PET

Am J Psychiatry 161:748-751, April 2004
© 2004 American Psychiatric Association

Brief Report

Deactivation by Benzodiazepine of the Basal Forebrain and Amygdala in Normal Humans During Sleep: A Placebo-Controlled [¹⁵O]H₂O PET Study

Naofumi Kajimura, M.D., Ph.D., Masami Nishikawa, M.D., Ph.D., Makoto Uchiyama, M.D., Ph.D., Masaaki Kato, M.D., Ph.D., Tsuyoshi Watanabe, M.D., Toru Nakajima, M.D., Ph.D., Toru Hori, M.D., Tetsuo Nakabayashi, M.D., Ph.D., Masanori Sekimoto, M.D., Ph.D., Kenichi Ogawa, M.D., Harumasa Takano, M.D., Ph.D., Etsuko Imabayashi, M.D., Masahiko Hiroki, M.D., Takashi Onishi, M.D., Ph.D., Takeshi Uema, M.D., Ph.D., Yutaka Takayama, M.D., Hiroshi Matsuda, M.D., Ph.D., Masako Okawa, M.D., Ph.D., and Kiyohisa Takahashi, M.D., Ph.D.

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to identify differencesin regional brain activity between physiological and benzodiazepine-inducedsleep to clarify the brain structures involved in the drug’shypnotic effect. METHOD: Using positron emission tomography,they compared regional cerebral blood flow during non-REM sleepin nine volunteers treated with placebo or triazolam, a short-actingbenzodiazepine, in a double-blind, crossover design. RESULTS:Blood flow in the basal forebrain and amygdaloid complexes waslower during non-REM sleep when subjects were given triazolamthan when they were given placebo. CONCLUSIONS: The hypnoticeffect of the benzodiazepines may be mediated mainly by deactivationof the forebrain control system for wakefulness and also bythe anxiolytic effect induced by deactivation of the emotionalcenter.

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