Am J Psychiatry 156:1440-1443, September 1999
© 1999 American Psychiatric Association
Prediction of Reinforcing Responses to Psychostimulants in Humans by Brain Dopamine D2 Receptor Levels
Nora D. Volkow, M.D.,
Gene-Jack Wang, M.D.,
Joanna S. Fowler, Ph.D.,
Jean Logan, Ph.D.,
Samuel J. Gatley, Ph.D.,
Andrew Gifford, Ph.D.,
Robert Hitzemann, Ph.D.,
Yu-Shin Ding, Ph.D., and
Naomi Pappas, M.S.
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed whether brain dopamine D2 receptor levels, which show significant intersubject variability, predict reinforcing responses to psychostimulants in humans. METHOD: [11C]Raclopride and positron emission tomography were used to measure D2 receptor levels in 23 healthy men (mean age=34 years, SD=7) who had no drug abuse histories in order to assess if there were differences between the subjects who liked and those who disliked the effects of intravenous methylphenidate (0.5 mg/kg). RESULTS: Subjects who liked the effects of methylphenidate had significantly lower D2 receptor levels (mean=2.72 Bmax/Kd, SD=0.3) than subjects who disliked its effects (mean=3.16, SD=0.3). Moreover, the higher the D2 levels found, the more intense were methylphenidate's unpleasant effects. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide preliminary evidence that D2 receptor levels predict response to psychostimulants in humans and that low D2 receptors may contribute to psychostimulant abuse by favoring pleasant response.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
R. Cools
Role of Dopamine in the Motivational and Cognitive Control of Behavior
Neuroscientist,
August 1, 2008;
14(4):
381 - 395.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. T. Collins and J. H. Woods
Drug and Reinforcement History as Determinants of the Response-Maintaining Effects of Quinpirole in the Rat
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.,
November 1, 2007;
323(2):
599 - 605.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Volkow, G.-J. Wang, H. Begleiter, B. Porjesz, J. S. Fowler, F. Telang, C. Wong, Y. Ma, J. Logan, R. Goldstein, et al.
High levels of dopamine d2 receptors in unaffected members of alcoholic families: possible protective factors.
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
September 1, 2006;
63(9):
999 - 1008.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Pacher, S. Batkai, and G. Kunos
The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacol. Rev.,
September 1, 2006;
58(3):
389 - 462.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Malizia
The role of emission tomography in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in clinical psychopharmacology.
J Psychopharmacol,
July 1, 2006;
20(4 Suppl):
100 - 107.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Dom, B. Sabbe, W. Hulstijn, and W. van den Brink
Substance use disorders and the orbitofrontal cortex: Systematic review of behavioural decision-making and neuroimaging studies
The British Journal of Psychiatry,
September 1, 2005;
187(3):
209 - 220.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Nader and P. W. Czoty
PET Imaging of Dopamine D2 Receptors in Monkey Models of Cocaine Abuse: Genetic Predisposition Versus Environmental Modulation
Am J Psychiatry,
August 1, 2005;
162(8):
1473 - 1482.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. P. O'BRIEN
The Mosaic of Addiction
Am J Psychiatry,
October 1, 2004;
161(10):
1741 - 1742.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Volkow and J. M. Swanson
Variables That Affect the Clinical Use and Abuse of Methylphenidate in the Treatment of ADHD
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 2003;
160(11):
1909 - 1918.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Volkow, L. Chang, G.-J. Wang, J. S. Fowler, Y.-S. Ding, M. Sedler, J. Logan, D. Franceschi, J. Gatley, R. Hitzemann, et al.
Low Level of Brain Dopamine D2 Receptors in Methamphetamine Abusers: Association With Metabolism in the Orbitofrontal Cortex
Focus,
April 1, 2003;
1(2):
150 - 157.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A R Lingford-Hughes, S J C Davies, S McIver, T M Williams, M R C Daglish, and D J Nutt
Addiction: Imaging in clinical neuroscience
Br. Med. Bull.,
March 1, 2003;
65(1):
209 - 222.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. de Haan, M. van Bruggen, J. Lavalaye, J. Booij, P. M.A.J. Dingemans, and D. Linszen
Subjective Experience and D2 Receptor Occupancy in Patients With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia Treated With Low-Dose Olanzapine or Haloperidol: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study
Am J Psychiatry,
February 1, 2003;
160(2):
303 - 309.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Z. Goldstein and N. D. Volkow
Drug Addiction and Its Underlying Neurobiological Basis: Neuroimaging Evidence for the Involvement of the Frontal Cortex
Am J Psychiatry,
October 1, 2002;
159(10):
1642 - 1652.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. McD. Young, B. R. Lawford, E. P. Noble, B. Kann, A. Wilkie, T. Ritchie, L. Arnold, and S. Shadforth
HARMFUL DRINKING IN MILITARY VETERANS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER: ASSOCIATION WITH THE D2 DOPAMINE RECEPTOR A1 ALLELE
Alcohol Alcohol.,
September 1, 2002;
37(5):
451 - 456.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Caine, S. S. Negus, N. K. Mello, S. Patel, L. Bristow, J. Kulagowski, D. Vallone, A. Saiardi, and E. Borrelli
Role of Dopamine D2-like Receptors in Cocaine Self-Administration: Studies with D2 Receptor Mutant Mice and Novel D2 Receptor Antagonists
J. Neurosci.,
April 1, 2002;
22(7):
2977 - 2988.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Volkow, L. Chang, G.-J. Wang, J. S. Fowler, Y.-S. Ding, M. Sedler, J. Logan, D. Franceschi, J. Gatley, R. Hitzemann, et al.
Low Level of Brain Dopamine D2 Receptors in Methamphetamine Abusers: Association With Metabolism in the Orbitofrontal Cortex
Am J Psychiatry,
December 1, 2001;
158(12):
2015 - 2021.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vulnerability to Addiction: A Study Looks at Neuroreceptors and MPH
Journal Watch Psychiatry,
November 1, 1999;
1999(1101):
9 - 9.
[Full Text]
|
|
|
Get information about faster international access.
Privacy Policy
Copyright © 1999
American Psychiatric Association.
All rights reserved.
Home
| Search
| Current Issue
| Past Issues
| Subscribe
| All APPI Journals
| Help
| Contact Us
|
