Am J Psychiatry 156:1069-1074, July 1999
© 1999 American Psychiatric Association
Clinical Needs Assessment of Middle and High School Students Following the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing
Betty Pfefferbaum, M.D., J.D.,
Sara Jo Nixon, Ph.D.,
Ronald S. Krug, Ph.D.,
Rick D. Tivis, M.P.H.,
Vern L. Moore, Ed.D.,
Janice M. Brown, Ph.D.,
Robert S. Pynoos, M.D., M.P.H.,
David Foy, Ph.D., and
Robin H. Gurwitch, Ph.D.
OBJECTIVE: This clinical assessment was designed to identify middle and high school students in need of formal evaluation for posttraumatic response symptoms following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N=3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests.
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