Am J Psychiatry 155:715-725, June 1998
© 1998 American Psychiatric Association
Prevalence of Psychopathology Among Children and Adolescents
Robert E. Roberts, Ph.D.,
C. Clifford Attkisson, Ph.D., and
Abram Rosenblatt, Ph.D.
OBJECTIVE: This study was done to update and expand information given in recent reviews, provide a more systematic critique of past research, identify current research trends and issues, and explore possible strategies for future research in child psychiatric epidemiology. METHOD: The authors identified and reviewed 52 studies done over the past four decades that attempted to estimate the overall prevalence of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. RESULTS: About as many studies have been published since 1980 as were published before. Sample sizes ranged from 58 to 8,462; most were in the 500–1,000 range. Studies were carried out in over 20 countries, most frequently the United States and the United Kingdom. Subjects' ages ranged from 1 to 18 years. Rutter's criteria were the most frequently used for case definition; more recent studies were more likely to use DSM criteria. The most frequently used interview was the Rutter schedule. The most common time frame for calculating prevalence was the present, followed by 6 months and 1 year. Prevalence estimates of psychopathology ranged from approximately 1% to nearly 51% (mean=15.8%). Median rates were 8% for preschoolers, 12% for preadolescents, 15% for adolescents, and 18% in studies including wider age ranges. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence is less informative than expected because of several problems that continue to plague research on child and adolescent disorders. These involve sampling, case ascertainment, case definition, and data analyses and presentation. Progress in understanding the epidemiology of child disorders will largely depend on whether future research successfully meets these challenges.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
K Bhui, Y Khatib, R Viner, E Klineberg, C Clark, J Head, and S Stansfeld
Cultural identity, clothing and common mental disorder: a prospective school-based study of white British and Bangladeshi adolescents
J. Epidemiol. Community Health,
May 1, 2008;
62(5):
435 - 441.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Madyun and M. Lee
Community Influences on E/BD Student Achievement
Education and Urban Society,
March 1, 2008;
40(3):
307 - 328.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Pillai, V. Patel, P. Cardozo, R. Goodman, H. A. Weiss, and G. Andrew
Non-traditional lifestyles and prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents in Goa, India
The British Journal of Psychiatry,
January 1, 2008;
192(1):
45 - 51.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Williams, K. Klinepeter, G. Palmes, A. Pulley, and J. Meschan Foy
Behavioral Health Practices in the Midst of Black Box Warnings and Mental Health Reform
Clinical Pediatrics,
June 1, 2007;
46(5):
424 - 430.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Costello, W. Copeland, A. Cowell, and G. Keeler
Service Costs of Caring for Adolescents With Mental Illness in a Rural Community, 1993-2000
Am J Psychiatry,
January 1, 2007;
164(1):
36 - 42.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. S Al-Gelban
Depression, anxiety and stress among Saudi adolescent school boys
The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health,
January 1, 2007;
127(1):
33 - 37.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Einfeld, A. M. Piccinin, A. Mackinnon, S. M. Hofer, J. Taffe, K. M. Gray, D. E. Bontempo, L. R. Hoffman, T. Parmenter, and B. J. Tonge
Psychopathology in young people with intellectual disability.
JAMA,
October 25, 2006;
296(16):
1981 - 1989.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Desai, J. L. Goulet, J. Robbins, J. F. Chapman, S. J. Migdole, and M. A. Hoge
Mental Health Care in Juvenile Detention Facilities: A Review
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law,
June 1, 2006;
34(2):
204 - 214.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. E Kaizar, J. B Greenhouse, H. Seltman, and K. Kelleher
Do antidepressants cause suicidality in children? A Bayesian meta-analysis
Clinical Trials,
April 1, 2006;
3(2):
73 - 98.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Lawrence, D. A. Standiford, B. Loots, G. J. Klingensmith, D. E. Williams, A. Ruggiero, A. D. Liese, R. A. Bell, B. E. Waitzfelder, R. E. McKeown, et al.
Prevalence and Correlates of Depressed Mood Among Youth With Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Pediatrics,
April 1, 2006;
117(4):
1348 - 1358.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Owens, L. Richerson, E. A. Beilstein, A. Crane, C. E. Murphy, and J. B. Vancouver
School-Based Mental Health Programming for Children With Inattentive and Disruptive Behavior Problems: First-Year Treatment Outcome
J Atten Disord,
August 1, 2005;
9(1):
261 - 274.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S.F. Gau, M.Y. Chong, T. H.H. Chen, and A. T.A. Cheng
A 3-Year Panel Study of Mental Disorders Among Adolescents in Taiwan
Am J Psychiatry,
July 1, 2005;
162(7):
1344 - 1350.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. K. Leslie, T. B. Newman, P. J. Chesney, and J. M. Perrin
The Food and Drug Administration's Deliberations on Antidepressant Use in Pediatric Patients
Pediatrics,
July 1, 2005;
116(1):
195 - 204.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Bhui, S. Stansfeld, J. Head, M. Haines, S. Hillier, S. Taylor, R. Viner, and R. Booy
Cultural identity, acculturation, and mental health among adolescents in east London's multiethnic community
J. Epidemiol. Community Health,
April 1, 2005;
59(4):
296 - 302.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Williams, K. Klinepeter, G. Palmes, A. Pulley, and J. M. Foy
Diagnosis and Treatment of Behavioral Health Disorders in Pediatric Practice
Pediatrics,
September 1, 2004;
114(3):
601 - 606.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Briggs-Gowan, A. S. Carter, J. R. Irwin, K. Wachtel, and D. V. Cicchetti
The Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment: Screening for Social-Emotional Problems and Delays in Competence
J. Pediatr. Psychol.,
March 1, 2004;
29(2):
143 - 155.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. N. Snyder
An Empirical Portrait of the Youth Reentry Population
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice,
January 1, 2004;
2(1):
39 - 55.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Canino, P. E. Shrout, M. Rubio-Stipec, H. R. Bird, M. Bravo, R. Ramirez, L. Chavez, M. Alegria, J. J. Bauermeister, A. Hohmann, et al.
The DSM-IV Rates of Child and Adolescent Disorders in Puerto Rico: Prevalence, Correlates, Service Use, and the Effects of Impairment
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
January 1, 2004;
61(1):
85 - 93.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. McCloskey, R. S. Hess, and R. C. D'Amato
Evaluating the Utility of the Spanish Version of the Behavior Assessment System for Children-Parent Report System
Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment,
December 1, 2003;
21(4):
325 - 337.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Szatmari
The Art of Evidence-Based Child Psychiatry
Evid. Based Ment. Health,
November 1, 2003;
6(4):
99 - 100.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Abram, L. A. Teplin, G. M. McClelland, and M. K. Dulcan
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Youth in Juvenile Detention
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
November 1, 2003;
60(11):
1097 - 1108.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Saunders and C. A. Heflinger
Access to and Patterns of Use of Behavioral Health Services Among Children and Adolescents in TennCare
Psychiatr Serv,
October 1, 2003;
54(10):
1364 - 1371.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Teplin, K. M. Abram, G. M. McClelland, M. K. Dulcan, and A. A. Mericle
Psychiatric Disorders in Youth in Juvenile Detention
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
December 1, 2002;
59(12):
1133 - 1143.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Angold, A. Erkanli, E. M. Z. Farmer, J. A. Fairbank, B. J. Burns, G. Keeler, and E. J. Costello
Psychiatric Disorder, Impairment, and Service Use in Rural African American and White Youth
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
October 1, 2002;
59(10):
893 - 901.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Jacobson, R. Churchill, C. Donovan, E. Garralda, and J. Fay
Tackling teenage turmoil: primary care recognition and management of mental ill health during adolescence
Fam. Pract.,
August 1, 2002;
19(4):
401 - 409.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Weiser, A. Reichenberg, J. Rabinowitz, Z. Kaplan, M. Mark, E. Bodner, D. Nahon, and M. Davidson
Association Between Nonpsychotic Psychiatric Diagnoses in Adolescent Males and Subsequent Onset of Schizophrenia
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
October 1, 2001;
58(10):
959 - 964.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. W. Spady, D. P. Schopflocher, L. W. Svenson, and A. H. Thompson
Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Children Living in Alberta, Canada, as Determined From Physician Billing Data
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,
October 1, 2001;
155(10):
1153 - 1159.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Scahill
Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health: Developing a National Action Agenda
Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association,
April 1, 2001;
7(2):
51 - 56.
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. W. Holden, R. M. Friedman, and R. L. Santiago
Overview of the National Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Their Families Program
Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders,
January 1, 2001;
9(1):
4 - 12.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qinghong Liao, B. Manteuffel, C. Paulic, and D. Sondheimer
Describing the Population of Adolescents Served in Systems of Care
Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders,
January 1, 2001;
9(1):
13 - 29.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.A. Thabet, D. Stretch, and P. Vostanis
Child Mental Health Problems in Arab Children: Application of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
International Journal of Social Psychiatry,
December 1, 2000;
46(4):
266 - 280.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L Bennett and A. Bauman
Adolescent mental health and risky sexual behaviour
BMJ,
July 29, 2000;
321(7256):
251 - 252.
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Rosenblatt and A. Rosenblatt
Youth Functional Status and Academic Achievement in Collaborative Mental Health and Education Programs:Two California Care Systems
Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders,
January 1, 1999;
7(1):
21 - 30.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
Get information about faster international access.
Privacy Policy
Copyright © 1998
American Psychiatric Association.
All rights reserved.
Home
| Search
| Current Issue
| Past Issues
| Subscribe
| All APPI Journals
| Help
| Contact Us
|
