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Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:918-925
Copyright © 1997 by American Psychiatric Association
Neuroanatomical correlates of externally and internally generated human emotion
EM Reiman, RD Lane, GL Ahern, GE Schwartz, RJ Davidson, KJ Friston, LS Yun and K Chen
Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Positron emission tomography was used to investigate the neural
substrates of normal human emotional and their dependence on the types of
emotional stimulus. METHOD: Twelve healthy female subjects underwent 12
measurements of regional brain activity following the intravenous bolus
administration of [15O]H2O as they alternated between emotion-generating
and control film and recall tasks. Automated image analysis techniques were
used to characterize and compare the increases in regional brain activity
associated with the emotional response to complex visual (film) and
cognitive (recall) stimuli. RESULTS: Film- and recall-generated emotion
were each associated with significantly increased activity in the vicinity
of the medial prefrontal cortex and thalamus, suggesting that these regions
participate in aspects of emotion that do not depend on the nature of the
emotional stimulus. Film-generated emotion was associated with
significantly greater increases in activity bilaterally in the
occipitotemporparietal cortex, lateral cerebellum, hypothalamus, and a
region that includes the anterior temporal cortex, amygdala, and
hippocampal formation, suggesting that these regions participate in the
emotional response to certain exteroceptive sensory stimuli.
Recall-generated sadness was associated with significantly greater
increases in activity in the vicinity of the anterior insular cortex,
suggesting that this region participates in the emotional response to
potentially distressing cognitive or interoceptive sensory stimuli.
CONCLUSIONS: While this study should be considered preliminary, it
identified brain regions that participate in externally and internally
generated human emotion.
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P. J. Whalen, S. L. Rauch, N. L. Etcoff, S. C. McInerney, M. B. Lee, and M. A. Jenike
Masked Presentations of Emotional Facial Expressions Modulate Amygdala Activity without Explicit Knowledge
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January 1, 1998;
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Where Are Emotions in the Brain?
Journal Watch Psychiatry,
October 1, 1997;
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A Uecker, E M Reiman, D L Schacter, M R Polster, L A Cooper, L S Yun, and K Chen
Neuroanatomical correlates of implicit and explicit memory for structurally possible and impossible visual objects.
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[Abstract]
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D. A. Gusnard, E. Akbudak, G. L. Shulman, and M. E. Raichle
Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: Relation to a default mode of brain function
PNAS,
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[Abstract]
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M. Beauregard, J. Levesque, and P. Bourgouin
Neural Correlates of Conscious Self-Regulation of Emotion
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