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Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:911-917
Copyright © 1997 by American Psychiatric Association
Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder
JF Leckman, DE Grice, J Boardman, H Zhang, A Vitale, C Bondi, J Alsobrook, BS Peterson, DJ Cohen, SA Rasmussen, WK Goodman, CJ McDougle and DL Pauls
Child Study Center, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-7900, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder encompasses a broad range of
symptoms that represent multiple psychological domains, including
perception, cognition, emotion, social relatedness, and diverse motor
behaviors. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the correlational
relationships of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. METHOD:
This study examined the 13 a priori categories used to group types of
obsessions and compulsions in the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale
symptom checklist in two independent groups of patients with
obsessive-compulsive disorder (N = 208 and N = 98). A principal-components
factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, followed by a series
of other exploratory analyses. RESULTS: The two data sets yielded nearly
identical results. Four factors-- obsessions and checking, symmetry and
ordering, cleanliness and washing, and boarding--emerged in each data set,
in total accounting for more than 60% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a multidimensional and etiologically
heterogeneous condition. The four symptom dimensions identified in this
study are largely congruent with those identified in earlier reports. These
factors may be of value in future genetic, neurobiological, and treatment
response studies.
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