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Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:799-804
Copyright © 1997 by American Psychiatric Association
Does risperidone improve verbal working memory in treatment-resistant schizophrenia?
MF Green, BD Marshall Jr, WC Wirshing, D Ames, SR Marder, S McGurk, RS Kern and J Mintz
UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences 90024-1759, USA. mgreen@ucla.edu
OBJECTIVE: Treatment efficacy in schizophrenia is typically defined in
terms of symptom reduction. However, new antipsychotic medications could
potentially have an impact on aspects of disability, such as neurocognitive
deficits. The authors evaluated the effects of risperidone on verbal
working memory, a memory component of theoretical interest because of its
link to prefrontal activity and of practical interest because of its link
to psychosocial rehabilitation. METHOD: Verbal working memory of 59
treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients was assessed as part of a
randomized, double-blind comparison of treatment with risperidone and
haloperidol. Verbal working memory was measured under both distracting and
nondistracting conditions at baseline and after 4 weeks of both fixed- and
flexible-dose pharmacotherapy. RESULTS: Risperidone treatment had a greater
beneficial effect on verbal working memory than haloperidol treatment
across testing conditions (with and without distraction) and study phases
(fixed and flexible dose). The treatment effect remained significant after
the effects of benztropine cotreatment, change in psychotic symptoms, and
change in negative symptoms were controlled. Neither benztropine status nor
symptom changes were significantly related to memory performance.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with risperidone appears to exert a more favorable
effect on verbal working memory than treatment with a conventional
neuroleptic. The beneficial effect appears to be due, at least partially,
to a direct effect of the drug, possibly through antagonism of the 5-HT2A
receptor. Results from this study suggest that pharmacotherapeutic efficacy
in schizophrenia treatment could be broadened to include impact on
neurocognitive abilities.
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Risperidone Improves Verbal Working Memory in Schizophrenics
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[Full Text]
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