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Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:373-378
Copyright © 1995 by American Psychiatric Association
Major depression in a community sample of African Americans
DR Brown, F Ahmed, LE Gary and NG Milburn
Mental Health Research and Development Center, Howard University, Washington, D.C.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined demographic, sociocultural, familial
background, and health-related risk factors for major depression in a
community sample of African Americans. METHOD: Data came from a probability
sample of 865 urban African American adults, 20 years of age and older, who
were given the structured National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic
Interview Schedule. RESULTS: The findings indicated a 1-year prevalence of
3.1% for major depression. While age, residential mobility, health status,
and stressful life events were significantly associated with major
depression, none of the sociocultural and family background factors were.
The strongest predictors of major depression were poor or fair health and
being 20-29 years of age. In terms of treatment for depression, persons
with major depression were significantly more likely than those without to
engage in help seeking. However, only 11.1% actually saw a psychiatrist or
other mental health professional, and 7.4% saw no one. CONCLUSIONS: Young
age and fair to poor physical health appear to be more powerful risk
factors for major depression among African Americans than other
demographic, sociocultural, and family background variables. Few African
Americans with major depression actually receive clinical treatment for
this illness. The results further suggest the need to increase awareness of
major depression among general practitioners and to target outreach to
African American communities.
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