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Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:1737-1742
Copyright © 1995 by American Psychiatric Association
Impairment of recognition memory with, but not without, conscious recollection in schizophrenia
C Huron, JM Danion, F Giacomoni, D Grange, P Robert and L Rizzo
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Departement de Psychiatrie, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that there is a link between the memory
deficit associated with schizophrenia and an impairment of consciousness,
an experiential approach was used to assess recognition memory and
awareness in schizophrenic patients and normal subjects. METHOD: On a
recognition memory task with low- and high-frequency words, the
schizophrenic (N = 30) and normal (N = 30) subjects gave "remember"
responses to recognized items that were accompanied by conscious
recollection and "know" responses to items that were recognized on the
basis of familiarity without any recollective experience. RESULTS:
Schizophrenia selectively impaired recognition based on recollective
experience, as measured by "remember" responses, but had no effects on
"know" responses. In the comparison group, low- frequency words, relative
to high-frequency words, enhanced conscious recollection but not
familiarity. The schizophrenic patients did not display the same
word-frequency effect. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that
schizophrenia affects differentially two means of access to the personal
past: it impairs recognition memory with, but not without, conscious
recollection. They suggest that the impairment of conscious recollection
observed in schizophrenic patients could be due to a failure of elaborative
processing of information.
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