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Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:1485-1492
Copyright © 1995 by American Psychiatric Association
Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and dementia in two communities: Nigerian Africans and African Americans
HC Hendrie, BO Osuntokun, KS Hall, AO Ogunniyi, SL Hui, FW Unverzagt, O Gureje, CA Rodenberg, O Baiyewu and BS Musick
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5111, USA.
OBJECTIVE: This article reports on a prevalence study of dementia and
Alzheimer's disease among two groups of subjects with the same ethnic
background but widely differing environments. METHOD: The study was
conducted among residents aged 65 years and older in two communities:
Yorubas (N = 2,494) living in Ibadan, Nigeria, and African Americans (N =
2,212 in the community and N = 106 in nursing homes) living in
Indianapolis, Indiana. The study design consisted of a screening stage
followed by a clinical assessment stage for selected subjects on the basis
of their performance on the screening tests. RESULTS: The age- adjusted
prevalence rates of dementia (2.29%) and Alzheimer's disease (1.41%) in the
Ibadan sample were significantly lower than those in the Indianapolis
sample, both in the community-dwelling subjects alone (4.82% and 3.69%,
respectively) and in the combined nursing home and community samples (8.24%
and 6.24%, respectively). The prevalence rates of dementia and Alzheimer's
disease increased consistently with advancing age in both study groups.
CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study, using the
same research method at the two sites, to report significant differences in
rates of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in two different communities with
similar ethnic origins.
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