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Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:85-89
Copyright © 1995 by American Psychiatric Association
Laboratory response of patients with panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders to 35% CO2 challenges
G Perna, A Bertani, C Arancio, P Ronchi and L Bellodi
Department of Neuropsychiatric Sciences, San Raffaele Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: The DSM-III-R anxiety disorders section includes both panic
disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. To evaluate the relationship
between these two disorders, subject responses to inhalation of a 35% CO2
and 65% O2 mixture were assessed. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with panic
disorder, 23 with obsessive-compulsive disorder, 12 with both
obsessive-compulsive and panic disorder, and 23 healthy comparison subjects
were given a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO2 and 65% O2 or a
placebo mixture of compressed air. A double-blind, random, crossover design
was used. RESULTS: Patients with panic disorder and patients with both
panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder showed similar strong
anxiogenic reactions to 35% CO2; while patients with obsessive-compulsive
disorder alone did not differ from comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These
results confirm that obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder are
two distinct syndromes and that patients with these disorders have
different sensitivity to CO2 inhalation.
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