|
| | |
|
Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:76-84
Copyright © 1995 by American Psychiatric Association
A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder
DL Pauls, JP Alsobrook 2nd, W Goodman, S Rasmussen and JF Leckman
Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine 1) whether obsessive-
compulsive disorder is familial, 2) whether there is a familial
relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and Gilles de la
Tourette's syndrome and chronic tics, and 3) whether different familial
types of obsessive-compulsive disorder exist. METHOD: In this family study,
all available first-degree relatives of 100 probands with
obsessive-compulsive disorder were interviewed directly with structured
interviews, and best-estimate diagnoses were assigned. In addition to the
466 first-degree relatives of the probands, 113 comparison subjects who
were first-degree relatives of 33 psychiatrically unaffected subjects were
studied with the same interviews. RESULTS: The rates of
obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive
disorder were significantly greater among the relatives of the probands
with obsessive-compulsive disorder (10.3% and 7.9%, respectively) than
among the comparison subjects (1.9% and 2.0%, respectively). Furthermore,
the rate of tics (Tourette's disorder and chronic tics) was also
significantly greater among the relatives of the probands (4.6%) than among
the comparison subjects (1.0%). The relatives of female probands with
obsessive-compulsive disorder were more likely to have tics, and the
relatives of probands with early onset were at higher risk for both
obsessive-compulsive disorder and tics. CONCLUSIONS: Obsessive-compulsive
disorder is a heterogeneous condition. Some cases are familial and related
to tic disorders, some cases are familial and unrelated to tics, and in
other cases there appears to be no family history of either
obsessive-compulsive disorder or tics.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
S. R. Chamberlain, L. Menzies, A. Hampshire, J. Suckling, N. A. Fineberg, N. del Campo, M. Aitken, K. Craig, A. M. Owen, E. T. Bullmore, et al.
Orbitofrontal Dysfunction in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Their Unaffected Relatives
Science,
July 18, 2008;
321(5887):
421 - 422.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Woolley, I. Heyman, M. Brammer, I. Frampton, P. K. McGuire, and K. Rubia
Brain activation in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder during tasks of inhibitory control
The British Journal of Psychiatry,
January 1, 2008;
192(1):
25 - 31.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Gallant, E. A. Storch, R. Valderhaug, and G. R. Geffken
School Psychologists' Views and Management of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Canadian Journal of School Psychology,
December 1, 2007;
22(2):
205 - 218.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Menzies, S. Achard, S. R. Chamberlain, N. Fineberg, C.-H. Chen, N. del Campo, B. J. Sahakian, T. W. Robbins, and E. Bullmore
Neurocognitive endophenotypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Brain,
December 1, 2007;
130(12):
3223 - 3236.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Mossner, N. Doring, A. Scherag, H. Schafer, B. Herpertz-Dahlmann, H. Remschmidt, E. Schulz, T. Renner, C. Wewetzer, A. Warnke, et al.
Transmission disequilibrium analysis of the functional 5-HT3A receptor variant C178T in early-onset obsessive compulsive disorder
J Psychopharmacol,
November 1, 2007;
21(8):
833 - 836.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Samuels, Y. Y. Shugart, M. A. Grados, V. L. Willour, O. J. Bienvenu, B. D. Greenberg, J. A. Knowles, J. T. McCracken, S. L. Rauch, D. L. Murphy, et al.
Significant Linkage to Compulsive Hoarding on Chromosome 14 in Families With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Results From the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study
Am J Psychiatry,
March 1, 2007;
164(3):
493 - 499.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Mansueto and D. J. Keuler
Tic or Compulsion? It's Tourettic OCD
Focus,
January 1, 2007;
5(3):
361 - 367.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Whiteside and J. S. Abramowitz
Relapse Following Successful Intensive Treatment of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study
Clinical Case Studies,
December 1, 2006;
5(6):
522 - 540.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. Grabe, S. Ruhrmann, S. Ettelt, F. Buhtz, A. Hochrein, S. Schulze-Rauschenbach, K. Meyer, S. Kraft, C. Reck, R. Pukrop, et al.
Familiality of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Nonclinical and Clinical Subjects
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 2006;
163(11):
1986 - 1992.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Leckman and Y.-S. Kim
A Primary Candidate Gene for Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
July 1, 2006;
63(7):
717 - 720.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D. Arnold, T. Sicard, E. Burroughs, M. A. Richter, and J. L. Kennedy
Glutamate Transporter Gene SLC1A1 Associated With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
July 1, 2006;
63(7):
769 - 776.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Dickel, J. Veenstra-VanderWeele, N. J. Cox, X. Wu, D. J. Fischer, M. Van Etten-Lee, J. A. Himle, B. L. Leventhal, E. H. Cook Jr, and G. L. Hanna
Association Testing of the Positional and Functional Candidate Gene SLC1A1/EAAC1 in Early-Onset Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
July 1, 2006;
63(7):
778 - 785.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Mirza, J. O'Neill, E. A. Smith, A. Russell, J. M. Smith, S. P. Banerjee, R. Bhandari, C. Boyd, M. Rose, J. Ivey, et al.
Increased Medial Thalamic Creatine-Phosphocreatine Found by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Children With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Versus Major Depression and Healthy Controls
J Child Neurol,
February 1, 2006;
21(2):
106 - 111.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. DALE, I. HEYMAN, G. GIOVANNONI, and A. W J. CHURCH
Incidence of anti-brain antibodies in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder
The British Journal of Psychiatry,
October 1, 2005;
187(4):
314 - 319.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. C. Osmon and J. M. Smerz
Neuropsychological Evaluation in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tourette's Syndrome
Behav Modif,
September 1, 2005;
29(5):
746 - 783.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Mansueto and D. J. Keuler
Tic or Compulsion?: It's Tourettic OCD
Behav Modif,
September 1, 2005;
29(5):
784 - 799.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mataix-Cols, M. C. do Rosario-Campos, and J. F. Leckman
A Multidimensional Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
February 1, 2005;
162(2):
228 - 238.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. R. Szeszko, S. MacMillan, M. McMeniman, S. Chen, K. Baribault, K. O. Lim, J. Ivey, M. Rose, S. P. Banerjee, R. Bhandari, et al.
Brain Structural Abnormalities in Psychotropic Drug-Naive Pediatric Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
June 1, 2004;
161(6):
1049 - 1056.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Hudziak, C. E. M. van Beijsterveldt, R. R. Althoff, C. Stanger, D. C. Rettew, E. C. Nelson, R. D. Todd, M. Bartels, and D. I. Boomsma
Genetic and Environmental Contributions to the Child Behavior Checklist Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: A Cross-cultural Twin Study
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
June 1, 2004;
61(6):
608 - 616.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Jenike
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
N. Engl. J. Med.,
January 15, 2004;
350(3):
259 - 265.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. F. Maia, A. S. Pinto, E. R. Barbosa, P. R. Menezes, and E. C. Miguel
Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Related Disorders in Parkinson's Disease
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci,
August 1, 2003;
15(3):
371 - 374.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Kessler
Tourette Syndrome Associated With Body Temperature Dysregulation: Possible Involvement of an Idiopathic Hypothalamic Disorder
J Child Neurol,
October 1, 2002;
17(10):
738 - 744.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Alsobrook II and D. L. Pauls
A Factor Analysis of Tic Symptoms in Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome
Am J Psychiatry,
February 1, 2002;
159(2):
291 - 296.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. do Rosario-Campos, J. F. Leckman, M. T. Mercadante, R. G. Shavitt, H. d. S. Prado, P. Sada, D. Zamignani, and E. C. Miguel
Adults With Early-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 2001;
158(11):
1899 - 1903.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D. Arnold and M. A. Richter
Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an autoimmune disease?
Can. Med. Assoc. J.,
November 1, 2001;
165(10):
1353 - 1358.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Procter, F. Mc Nicholas, and G. Baird
Low-Dose Sertraline in Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry,
October 1, 2001;
6(4):
545 - 550.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Hettema, M. C. Neale, and K. S. Kendler
A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Genetic Epidemiology of Anxiety Disorders
Am J Psychiatry,
October 1, 2001;
158(10):
1568 - 1578.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P Mavrogiorgou, R Mergl, P Tigges, J El Husseini, A Schroter, G Juckel, M Zaudig, and U Hegerl
Kinematic analysis of handwriting movements in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry,
May 1, 2001;
70(5):
605 - 612.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Bellodi, M. C. Cavallini, S. Bertelli, D. Chiapparino, C. Riboldi, and E. Smeraldi
Morbidity Risk for Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Eating Disorders
Am J Psychiatry,
April 1, 2001;
158(4):
563 - 569.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Emilien, M. Ponchon, C. Caldas, O. Isacson, and J.-M. Maloteaux
Impact of genomics on drug discovery and clinical medicine
QJM,
July 1, 2000;
93(7):
391 - 423.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Gilbert, G. J. Moore, M. S. Keshavan, L. A. D. Paulson, V. Narula, F. P. Mac Master, C. M. Stewart, and D. R. Rosenberg
Decrease in Thalamic Volumes of Pediatric Patients With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder Who Are Taking Paroxetine
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
May 1, 2000;
57(5):
449 - 456.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Nestadt, J. Samuels, M. Riddle, O. J. Bienvenu III, K.-Y. Liang, M. LaBuda, J. Walkup, M. Grados, and R. Hoehn-Saric
A Family Study of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
April 1, 2000;
57(4):
358 - 363.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Robertson
Tourette syndrome, associated conditions and the complexities of treatment
Brain,
March 1, 2000;
123(3):
425 - 462.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mataix-Cols, S. L. Rauch, P. A. Manzo, M. A. Jenike, and L. Baer
Use of Factor-Analyzed Symptom Dimensions to Predict Outcome With Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Placebo in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
September 1, 1999;
156(9):
1409 - 1416.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Spencer, J. Biederman, B. Coffey, D. Geller, T. Wilens, and S. Faraone
The 4-Year Course of Tic Disorders in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
September 1, 1999;
56(9):
842 - 847.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. G. Lichter, J. Dmochowski, L. A. Jackson, and K. S. Trinidad
Influence of family history on clinical expression of Tourette's syndrome
Neurology,
January 1, 1999;
52(2):
308 - 308.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. B. Stein, M. J. Chartier, A. L. Hazen, M. V. Kozak, M. E. Tancer, S. Lander, P. Furer, D. Chubaty, and J. R. Walker
A Direct-Interview Family Study of Generalized Social Phobia
Am J Psychiatry,
January 1, 1998;
155(1):
90 - 97.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Karayiorgou, M. Altemus, B. L. Galke, D. Goldman, D. L. Murphy, J. Ott, and J. A. Gogos
Genotype determining low catechol-O-methyltransferase activity as a risk factor for obsessive-compulsive disorder
PNAS,
April 29, 1997;
94(9):
4572 - 4575.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
Get information about faster international access.
Privacy Policy
Copyright © 1995
American Psychiatric Association.
All rights reserved.
Home
| Search
| Current Issue
| Past Issues
| Subscribe
| All APPI Journals
| Help
| Contact Us
|
