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Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150:935-940
Copyright © 1993 by American Psychiatric Association
Mental disorders and comorbidity in suicide
MM Henriksson, HM Aro, MJ Marttunen, ME Heikkinen, ET Isometsa, KI Kuoppasalmi and JK Lonnqvist
Department of Mental Health, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and
comorbidity of current mental disorders defined by DSM-III-R among a random
sample of suicide victims from a nationwide suicide population. METHOD:
Using a psychological autopsy method, the authors collected comprehensive
data on all suicide victims in Finland during 1 year. Retrospective axis
I-III consensus diagnoses were assigned to 229 (172 male, 57 female)
victims. RESULTS: One or more diagnoses on axis I were made for 93% of the
victims. The most prevalent disorders were depressive disorders (59%) and
alcohol dependence or abuse (43%). The prevalence of major depression was
higher among females (46%) than among males (26%). Alcohol dependence was
more common among the males (39% versus 18% for females). A diagnosis on
axis II was made for 31% and at least one diagnosis on axis III for 46% of
the cases. Only 12% of the victims received one axis I diagnosis without
any comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of suicide victims suffered from
comorbid mental disorders. Comorbidity needs to be taken into account when
analyzing the relationship between suicide and mental disorders and in
planning treatment strategies for suicide prevention in clinical practice.
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