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Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150:465-469
Copyright © 1993 by American Psychiatric Association
Epidemiology of panic disorder in African-Americans
E Horwath, J Johnson and CD Hornig
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York.
OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the prevalence and clinical
characteristics of panic disorder among African-Americans and whites in a
community study. METHOD: A total of 4,287 African-American and 12,142 white
subjects were interviewed at five sites as part of the Epidemiologic
Catchment Area study. Panic disorder and other diagnoses were made using
the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule and
DSM-III criteria. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of panic disorder was
1.2% among African-Americans and 1.4% among whites, a nonsignificant
difference. Comparisons between African- Americans and whites on age at
onset, years with panic disorder, and suicide attempts revealed no
significant differences. Rates of individual panic symptoms in
African-American and white subjects with panic disorder were similar,
although African-Americans reported a higher mean number of symptoms during
their worst episode. Among subjects with comorbid panic disorder,
African-Americans and whites had similar rates of major depression, alcohol
abuse, drug abuse, obsessive- compulsive disorder, agoraphobia,
somatization disorder, and schizophrenia. Patterns of treatment seeking
among African-American and white panic subjects were similar, with the
exception that African- Americans were significantly less likely to seek
help from a mental health professional in private practice. CONCLUSIONS: On
the basis of these findings, the authors conclude that panic disorder in
the community is similar among African-Americans and whites with respect to
lifetime prevalence, age at onset, years of disorder, symptom distribution,
suicide attempts, and comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders.
Differences in the diagnosis and treatment of panic disorder by race are
not due to differences in the prevalence or nature of the disorder.
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