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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:1176-1182
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
Prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in Alaska
JM Booker and CJ Hellekson
School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage.
OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study are to provide estimates of the
prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in Alaska, to examine
sociodemographic correlates, and to evaluate the relation between seasonal
affective disorder and general depression. METHOD: A random sample of 283
residents of Fairbanks who had lived in Alaska for 3 years or more were
interviewed with the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire and the
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale). RESULTS:
Twenty-six (9.2%) of the subjects met diagnostic criteria for seasonal
affective disorder, one of the highest figures yet reported. These cyclic
winter affective disorders occurred more often in women than men (ratio =
3:2) and were less prevalent among residents who were older than 40 years
of age. Assessment of depression with the CES-D Scale supported the
diagnostic classification of respondents and the differentiation of
seasonal affective disorder from other depression. CONCLUSIONS: This study
supports the conclusions that seasonal affective disorder is prevalent in
northern populations and that sex and age may represent the major risk
factors that differentiate it from the general experience of depression in
northern communities.
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