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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:936-943
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders
J Kabat-Zinn, AO Massion, J Kristeller, LG Peterson, KE Fletcher, L Pbert, WR Lenderking and SF Santorelli
Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605.
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a
group stress reduction program based on mindfulness meditation for patients
with anxiety disorders. METHOD: The 22 study participants were screened
with a structured clinical interview and found to meet the DSM- III-R
criteria for generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder with or without
agoraphobia. Assessments, including self-ratings and therapists' ratings,
were obtained weekly before and during the meditation-based stress
reduction and relaxation program and monthly during the 3-month follow-up
period. RESULTS: Repeated measures analyses of variance documented
significant reductions in anxiety and depression scores after treatment for
20 of the subjects--changes that were maintained at follow-up. The number
of subjects experiencing panic symptoms was also substantially reduced. A
comparison of the study subjects with a group of nonstudy participants in
the program who met the initial screening criteria for entry into the study
showed that both groups achieved similar reductions in anxiety scores on
the SCL-90- R and on the Medical Symptom Checklist, suggesting
generalizability of the study findings. CONCLUSIONS: A group mindfulness
meditation training program can effectively reduce symptoms of anxiety and
panic and can help maintain these reductions in patients with generalized
anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or panic disorder with agoraphobia.
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