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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:1693-1700
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
Religious coping and depression among elderly, hospitalized medically ill men
HG Koenig, HJ Cohen, DG Blazer, C Pieper, KG Meador, F Shelp, V Goli and B DiPasquale
Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C.
OBJECTIVE: The investigators examined the frequency of religious coping
among older medical inpatients, the characteristics of those who use it,
and the relation between this behavior and depression. METHOD: The subjects
were 850 men aged 65 years and over, without psychiatric diagnoses, who
were consecutively admitted to the medical or neurological services of a
southern Veterans Administration medical center. Religious coping was
assessed with a three-item index. Depressive symptoms were assessed by
self-rating (the Geriatric Depression Scale) and observer rating (the
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression). RESULTS: One out of every five
patients reported that religious thought and/or activity was the most
important strategy used to cope with illness. Variables that were
associated with religious coping included black race, older age, being
retired, religious affiliation, high level of social support, infrequent
alcohol use, a prior history of psychiatric problems, and higher cognitive
functioning. Depressive symptoms were inversely related to religious
coping, an association which persisted after other sociodemographic and
health correlates were controlled. When 202 men were reevaluated during
their subsequent hospital admissions an average of 6 months later,
religious coping was the only baseline variable that predicted lower
depression scores at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that
religious coping is a common behavior that is inversely related to
depression in hospitalized elderly men.
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