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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:1549-1555
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
Technique for training schizophrenic patients in illness self- management: a controlled trial
TA Eckman, WC Wirshing, SR Marder, RP Liberman, K Johnston-Cronk, K Zimmermann and J Mintz
Clinical Research Center for Schizophrenia and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether schizophrenic outpatients receiving low-
dose neuroleptic therapy could learn and retain complex information and
skills related to self-management of their illness, a novel technique of
teaching, using cognitive and behavioral methods, was designed to
compensate for the patients' learning disabilities. METHOD: The subjects
were 41 patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia who were receiving constant
maintenance neuroleptic drug therapy. They were randomly assigned to
structured, modularized skills training or to supportive group
psychotherapy. RESULTS: The patients who received skills training made
significant gains in each of the areas taught, while those participating in
group therapy did not. The skills learned during training were retained
without significant erosion over a 1-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS:
The effectiveness of modularized teaching of illness self-management skills
to schizophrenic patients appears to be largely independent of baseline
psychology and symptom improvement. Such an approach is useful for
overcoming or compensating for the enduring cognitive and information
processing deficits commonly found in schizophrenia.
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