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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:1534-1538
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
Meta-analysis of subjective sensitivity to alcohol in sons of alcoholics
VE Pollock
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90089-1111.
OBJECTIVE: Meta-analysis was used to review the research literature on
self-reported sensitivity to alcohol among sons of alcoholic and among
normal control subjects. METHOD: Computerized and manual searches
identified 17 eligible independent articles; nine contained the information
necessary to compute effect sizes, and additional data on two other studies
were provided by authors in response to written and telephone requests.
RESULTS: Findings from 10 studies indicated that sons of alcoholics report
significantly less sensitivity to alcohol than normal control subjects
overall and during the ascending (i.e., 0- 35 minutes after alcohol) and
descending (i.e., 40-240 minutes after alcohol) limbs of the blood alcohol
curve. Response to placebo did not significantly distinguish these groups
in the five studies that included such assessment. CONCLUSIONS: It may be
appropriate to appraise the biological sons of male alcoholics that they
may experience less subjective sensitivity to alcohol than other
individuals, but it is not possible to predict whether any particular
individual will experience such lower sensitivity. In addition, self-
report data can be influenced by many factors, and further research that
assesses multiple psychological and physiological measures and uses
longitudinal designs is needed to determine the relationship between
specific factors and the development of alcoholism.
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