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Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:45-51
Copyright © 1992 by American Psychiatric Association
The relationship between adolescent suicidal behavior and life events in childhood and adolescence
EJ de Wilde, IC Kienhorst, RF Diekstra and WH Wolters
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: Although the relationship between experience of problematic life
events and adolescent suicidal behavior has frequently been recognized
during the past decade, few studies of life events have been initiated that
discriminated between adolescent suicide attempters and depressed
adolescents. Therefore, the authors compared adolescent suicide attempters
with both depressed and nondepressed adolescents who never attempted
suicide with respect to life events that happened in two periods: childhood
(defined as the period up to age 12 years) and adolescence (age 12 and
older). METHOD: Using a semistructured interview, the authors gathered life
event data about childhood and adolescence from three groups of
adolescents: 48 suicide attempters, 66 depressed adolescents who had never
made a suicide attempt, and 43 nondepressed adolescents who had never made
a suicide attempt. RESULTS: The group of adolescents who attempted suicide
differed from both of the other groups in that they had experienced more
turmoil in their families, starting in childhood and not stabilizing during
adolescence. During adolescence, they were more often sexually abused.
During the last year before the attempt, further social instability, such
as changes in residence and having to repeat a class, occurred.
CONCLUSIONS: For suicidal adolescents, the suicide attempt seems embedded
not just in the problems every adolescent has to deal with but in greater
turmoil in their families, rooted in childhood and not stabilizing during
adolescence, in combination with traumatic events during adolescence and
social instability in the year preceding the attempt.
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