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Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148:112-117
Copyright © 1991 by American Psychiatric Association
A family-genetic study of girls with DSM-III attention deficit disorder
SV Faraone, J Biederman, K Keenan and MT Tsuang
Child Psychiatry Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated family-genetic risk factors in girls with
attention deficit disorder and compared these results to findings in the
authors' previous study of boys with attention deficit disorder. METHOD:
Twenty-one girls with attention deficit disorder and 20 normal comparison
girls were consecutively ascertained from a pool of existing and new
referrals from a pediatric psychopharmacology unit and a medical pediatric
unit of the same urban hospital. First-degree relatives of the attention
deficit disordered girls (N = 69) and of the normal girls (N = 71) were
also assessed. Both groups of girls and their relatives were evaluated on
the basis of structured diagnostic interviews conducted by raters who were
blind to the clinical status of the probands. RESULTS: The relatives of the
girls with attention deficit disorder had higher risks for attention
deficit disorder, antisocial disorders, major depression, and anxiety
disorders. The higher risk for attention deficit disorder could not be
accounted for by gender or generation of relative, age of proband, social
class, or family intactness. These findings are highly consistent with the
findings in the authors' previous study of boys with attention deficit
disorder, which was conducted with identical methods. CONCLUSIONS: This
study provides further support for the validity of the diagnosis of
attention deficit disorder in girls and suggests that the genders share a
common biological substrate.
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