
Am J Psychiatry 126:983-987, January 1970
doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.126.7.983
© 1970 American Psychiatric Association
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Establishment of Diagnostic Validity in Psychiatric Illness: Its Application to Schizophrenia
ELI ROBINS M.D.1, and
SAMUEL B. GUZE M.D.2
1 Wallace Renard professor and head of the department, psychiatrist-in-chief, Barnes and Renard Hospitals, department of psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4940 Audubon Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 63110
2 Professor, associate psychiatrist, department of psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4940 Audubon Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 63110
A method for achieving diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness is described, consisting of five phases: clinical description, laboratory study, exclusion of other disorders, follow-up study, and family study. The method was applied in this paper to patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, and it was shown by follow-up and family studies that poor prognosis cases can be validly separated clinically from good prognosis cases. The authors conclude that good prognosis "schizophrenia" is not mild schizophrenia, but a different illness.
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R. D. Marshall, R. Spitzer, and M. R. Liebowitz
Review and Critique of the New DSM-IV Diagnosis of Acute Stress Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
November 1, 1999;
156(11):
1677 - 1685.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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H.-U. Wittchen, M. Hofler, and K. Merikangas
Toward the Identification of Core Psychopathological Processes?
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
October 1, 1999;
56(10):
929 - 931.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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T. H. Wassink, M. Flaum, P. Nopoulos, and N. C. Andreasen
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms Early in the Course of Schizophrenia
Am J Psychiatry,
February 1, 1999;
156(2):
315 - 316.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. C. Zanarini, F. R. Frankenburg, E. D. Dubo, A. E. Sickel, A. Trikha, A. Levin, and V. Reynolds
Axis I Comorbidity of Borderline Personality Disorder
Am J Psychiatry,
December 1, 1998;
155(12):
1733 - 1739.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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E. J. Millman and D. A. Regier
Midtown Manhattan Prevalence Rates and the Implied Need for Treatment: Meeting the Challenge of Public Mental Health
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
December 1, 1998;
55(12):
1146 - 1148.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler and D. Walsh
The Structure of Psychosis: Syndromes and Dimensions
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
June 1, 1998;
55(6):
508 - 509.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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T. Ferro, D. N. Klein, J. E. Schwartz, K. L. Kasch, and J. B. Leader
30-Month Stability of Personality Disorder Diagnoses in Depressed Outpatients
Am J Psychiatry,
May 1, 1998;
155(5):
653 - 659.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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K. S. Kendler and C. O. Gardner Jr.
Boundaries of Major Depression: An Evaluation of DSM-IV Criteria
Am J Psychiatry,
February 1, 1998;
155(2):
172 - 177.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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D. A. Regier, C. T. Kaelber, D. S. Rae, M. E. Farmer, B. Knauper, R. C. Kessler, and G. S. Norquist
Limitations of Diagnostic Criteria and Assessment Instruments for Mental Disorders: Implications for Research and Policy
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
February 1, 1998;
55(2):
109 - 115.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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F. K. Goodwin and S. N. Ghaemi
Understanding Manic-depressive Illness
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
January 1, 1998;
55(1):
23 - 25.
[Full Text]
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M. Weiss
Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC): Framework for Comparative Study of Illness
Transcultural Psychiatry,
June 1, 1997;
34(2):
235 - 263.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler, L. J. Eaves, E. E. Walters, M. C. Neale, A. C. Heath, and R. C. Kessler
The Identification and Validation of Distinct Depressive Syndromes in a Population-Based Sample of Female Twins
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
May 1, 1996;
53(5):
391 - 399.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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D. N. Klein, L. P. Riso, S. K. Donaldson, J. E. Schwartz, R. L. Anderson, P. C. Ouimette, H. Lizardi, and T. A. Aronson
Family Study of Early-Onset Dysthymia: Mood and Personality Disorders in Relatives of Outpatients With Dysthymia and Episodic Major Depression and Normal Controls
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
June 1, 1995;
52(6):
487 - 496.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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E. Susser and J. Wanderling
Epidemiology of Nonaffective Acute Remitting Psychosis vs Schizophrenia: Sex and Sociocultural Setting
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
April 1, 1994;
51(4):
294 - 301.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler
Diagnostic Validity in Genetics Research on Generalized Anxiety Disorder-Reply
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
November 1, 1993;
50(11):
916 - 917.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler, M. McGuire, A. M. Gruenberg, M. Spellman, A. O'Hare, and D. Walsh
The Roscommon Family Study: II. The Risk of Nonschizophrenic Nonaffective Psychoses in Relatives
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
August 1, 1993;
50(8):
645 - 652.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler, M. C. Neale, R. C. Kessler, A. C. Heath, and L. J. Eaves
Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Women: A Population-Based Twin Study
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
April 1, 1992;
49(4):
267 - 272.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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T. H. McGlashan and W. S. Fenton
The Positive-Negative Distinction in Schizophrenia: Review of Natural History Validators
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
January 1, 1992;
49(1):
63 - 72.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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C. F. Duggan, A. S. Lee, and R. M. Murray
Do Different Subtypes of Hospitalized Depressives Have Different Long-term Outcomes?
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
April 1, 1991;
48(4):
308 - 312.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler
Mood-Incongruent Psychotic Affective Illness: A Historical and Empirical Review
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
April 1, 1991;
48(4):
362 - 369.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K. S. Kendler
Toward a Scientific Psychiatric Nosology: Strengths and Limitations
Arch Gen Psychiatry,
October 1, 1990;
47(10):
969 - 973.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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