Changes in Anxiety, Mood, and Self-Esteem Resulting from an Attempt to Stop Smoking
JEROME L. SCHWARTZ DR.P.H.1, and
MILDRED DUBITZKY PH.D.2
1 Project director, Institute for Health Research, Berkeley, Calif., and the Permanente Medical Group-Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Walnut Creek, Calif.
2 Research psychologist, Smoking Control Research Project, Institute for Health Research, Berkeley, Calif., and the Permanente Medical Group-Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Walnut Creek, Calif.
Concomitants of change in cigarette smoking were studied among 158 adult male volunteers in an organized smoking withdrawal program. Subjects generally developed more negative attitudes and beliefs toward smoking during the course of the program. They also became more anxious, although the successful subjects were the least anxious group throughout. At the end of the program this group also had the highest scores in self-confidence.
