THE COMMUNICATION OF SUICIDAL INTENT: A STUDY OF 134 CONSECUTIVE CASES OF SUCCESSFUL (COMPLETED) SUICIDE
ELI ROBINS M.D.1,
SEYMOUR GASSNER M.D.,
JACK KAYES M.D.,
ROBERT H. WILKINSON JR. M.D., , and
GEORGE E. MURPHY M.D.
1 The Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurology, Washington Univ. School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.
1. A study of the communication of suicidal ideas by 134 consecutive suicides has been done by means of systematic interviews with family, in-laws, friends, job associates, physicians, ministers, and others a short time after the suicide.
2. Two striking findings were that over two-thirds (69%) of the suicides had communicated suicidal ideas and that 41% had specifically stated they intended to commit suicide. In the majority of instances, the suicidal communications were of recent onset (months), repeatedly verbalized, and expressed to many persons.
3. Another striking finding was that 98% of these persons were probably clinically ill prior to their suicides.
4. The frequency of expression of suicidal ideas was not significantly related to age, sex, marital state, religion, whether living alone or not, clinical diagnosis, occupational status, income, or education. Chronic alcoholics had a somewhat greater tendency than the other diagnostic groups to make the specific statement that they intended to commit suicide.
5. The communication of suicidal ideas was analyzed as a general system of communication with reference to experimental psychological studies.
