EXCESSIVE INFANT CRYING (COLIC) IN RELATION TO PARENT BEHAVIOR
ANN H. STEWART M. D.,
I. H. WEILAND M. D.,
ALLAN R. LEIDER M. D.,
CHARLES A. MANGHAM M. D.,
THOMAS H. HOLMES M. D., , and
HERBERT S. RIPLEY M. D.1
1 The department of psychiatry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
1. The interaction between parents and infants and its relationship to crying was studied in 18 infants from 13 families.
2. Crying was found to be a response to tension which arose internally from unsatisfied needs or from inappropriate external stimulation.
3. The quantity of this tension was affected by the parent's behavior as it related to the satisfaction of the infant's needs.
4. This behavior was perceived by the infant through the sensory and proprioceptive systems.
5. The parents of babies who cried excessively responded inappropriately and inconsistently to their infant' needs with over-stimulation or with relative neglect.
6. The infants who cried excessively did not develop security in interpersonal relationships to the same extent as those who cried very little.
7. In addition to excessive crying these infants demonstrated deviations such as: regurgitation, night-waking, growth failure, nasal hyperfunction, increased muscle tension, variability in gastrointestinal functions and absolute eosinophil counts. They also had frequent illnesses.
