The recent increase in appreciation of the role that the brain plays in psychiatry, coupled with advances in neuroscience, brain imaging, and pharmacology, has led to an explosion of information on the interplay of brain and mind in the expression of psychiatric disorders. Pertinent research over the past two decades has been of two types. On the one hand is study of the psychiatric and psychological manifestations of coarse brain diseases or damage to specific brain regions as well as conditions closely linked to the brain, such as cognitive disorders and amnesia. On the other hand is careful study of the brains of patients with major psychiatric illnesses, particularly schizophrenia and the mood disorders, using a variety of modalities.