Most patients also reported that before memory recovery, they had never received an explicit suggestion from anyone that they had been abused. If, however, the patients had already made a strong commitment to the validity of their memories, they may have been strongly motivated to deny any suggestive influence. Furthermore, explicit suggestions of trauma might actually be less effective in inducing false memories than more subtle suggestions (including such as might arise through exposure to movies or articles about recovered memories), in that explicit suggestions can be more easily identified by recipients as the cause of their recovered "memories"
+(1,
+4). In other words, memories implanted through subtle suggestions are more likely to be perceived—by both therapist and patient—as internally generated and hence valid.