OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the association between sexual abuse in childhood and subsequent incidents of deliberate self-harm in women. METHOD: A random community sample of women (N = 252) that reported having been sexually abused as children was interviewed and compared to a similarly sized group (N = 225) that did not report abuse. The subgroup of women sexually abused as children who reported subsequent incidents of deliberate self-harm was then contrasted with abused women who did not report self-harm. RESULTS: There was a clear statistical association between sexual abuse in childhood and self-harm that was most marked in those subjected to more intrusive and more frequent abuse. Self-harm was also associated with major interpersonal problems in the subject's family of origin and with becoming involved in further abusive relationships as an adult. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual abuse in childhood is associated with later incidents of deliberate self-harm and may well be an etiologic factor in its development.Abstract Teaser