This paper examines the frustrations and dilemmas present in maintaining separate schools for Indian children. The diversity of approaches in these schools, the problems of acculturation, and a history of poor individual academic and emotional adjustment suggest that a reformulation of tasks and priorities be undertaken that emphasizes creative solutions to special needs. Counseling services that are more peer-oriented, as well as multifaceted supportive services, are recommended. The authors also discuss such issues as intertribal rivalry and student apathy.Abstract Teaser