A double-blind clinical trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of desipramine and placebo in newly hospitalized patients. Analysis of data from 74 patients (34 on desipramine, 40 on placebo) showed that in patients with endogenous depression, the response to desipramine was superior to response to placebo as early as the fifth day of treatment; in patients with neurotic (reactive) depression, no significant differences in response were found.Abstract Teaser