1. Interviews with several thousand soldiers of the Army Air Forces reveal the development of specific attitudes towards return home, reaction to conditions found on arrival, further military duties, personal situations, and post-war adjustments.2. One hundred officers and 100 enlisted men were interviewed in more detail to establish information of statistical value.3. Significant differences exist between officers and enlisted men only with regard to desire to remain in service.4. The returning soldier, apparently free from disabling neuropsychiatric symptoms, is found to contain a reservoir of anxiety-producing factors which modifies his outlook, and which provokes the development of resentment and hostility, particularly towards civilians and present social conditions.5. The immediate and more distant effects of these attitudes are of significance, and require programs designed to effect an adequate adjustment of the soldier to future military duties, and to post-war needs for security and socio-economic stability.Abstract Teaser